Historische Entwicklung der Raumfahrzeuge: Von Sputnik zu den Raumfahrzeugen

Autor / Redakteur: Eren Yalçın•12 October 2026

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The first spacecraft was the German V-2 rocket, launched from Peenemünde in East Prussia (now Germany) in June 1944. Although other flights reached higher altitudes, the V-2 rocket tests in the 1940s reached altitudes above 100 km, which is considered by the International Aviation Federation to be space flight, and is known as the Karman line.

The second human space vehicle was named Freedom 7 and carried American astronaut Alan Shepard to an altitude of approximately 187 km during a suborbital space flight in 1961. Five more manned space vehicles were launched using the Mercury spacecraft.